Oedipus The King

OEDIPUS THE KING

OEDIPUS THE KING IS A TRAGEDY WRITTEN BY SOPHOCLES, AN OUTSTANDING PHILOSOPHER, WHOSE PHILOSOPHY CAN BE EXPRESSED ON THE FOLLOWING WORDS: “KNOW YOURSELF AND YOU´LL SEE THAT THE ONLY THING YOU KNOW IS THAT YOU DON´T KNOW ANYTHING.” IN THIS WORK HE STATES THAT ALL OF US IN SMALL OR GREAT MEASURE HAVE ALREADY TASTED THE BITTERNESS OF DEFEAT AND THAT NOBODY OF MORTAL RACE MUST BE CALLED HAPPY BEFORE CROSSING LIFE´S BORDER, WHERE HE IS FREE FROM PAIN.

A TRAGEDY IS AN IMITATION OF AN ACTION THAT IS SERIOUS AND HAS ALSO GREATNESS COMPLETE IN ITSELF. IT IS WRITTEN IN A DRAMATIC AND NOT IN A NARRATIVE FORM, WITH INCIDENTS THAT AROUSE FEAR AND PITY AND ARE DESCRIBED EMOTION AND MAGNITUDE.

THE TRAGEDY EMPHASIZES THE INSIGNIFICANCE OF MAN AND IMPORTANT OF DEATH, WHICH IS DESCRIBED AS A PEACEFUL SLEEP NOT EVEN DISTURBED BY DREAMS AND SO IT IS NOT AN EVIL TO MAN BUT A PRIZE FOR HIS EARTHY TRIBULATIONS AND TRIALS. IN IT, MAN IS SHOWN NOBLE OR ENNOBLED BY HIS SUFFERINGS, ALTHOUGH THOSE SUFFERINGS ARE DUE TO HIS INSIGNIFICANCE AS OPPOSED TO THE FORCES OF FATE AND FORTUNE.

WHAT CAN BE EASILY FELT FROM THE BEGINNING IS HOW “OEDIPUS THE KING” GIVES THE IMPRESSION OF TREMENDOUS COMPACTNESS. IT IS CONSTRUCTED WITH SUCH ECONOMY THAT THERE SEEMS TO BE NO SUPERFLUOUS WORD IN IT.

OEDIPUS, THE CENTRAL CHARATER OF THE PLAY, CONSULTED APOLLO´S ORACLE WHICH WARNED HIM THAT HE WAS FATED TO KILL FATHER AND MARRY HIS MOTHER. IN ORDER TO AVOID HIS FATE, OEDIPUS LEFT CORINTH AND WENT TO THEBES, FULFILLING THIS WAY, THE PROPHECY.

PART OF OEDIPUS´S PRIDE IS DUE TO THE DISCOVERY OF HIMSELF AND PART TO HAVING SOLVED THE RIDDLE OF THE SPHINX. “EITHER YOU DECIPHER ME OR I DEVOUR YOU.” IT WAS FOR THIS ACHIEVEMENT THAT THE THEBANS MADE HIM KING OF THEBES.

ACCORDING TO LEGEND THE RIDDLE WAS: “WHAT IS FOUR FOOTED IN THE MORNING, TWO FOOTED IN THE AFTERNOON AND THREE FOOTED AT EVENING?”

THE TIBANS HAD TO GUESS IT, AND WHENEVER THEY FAILED, THE SPHINX CARRIED THEM OFF AND DEVOURED THEM. OEDIPUS GUESSED CORRECTLY. “IT WAS MAN”, HE SAID. “FOR THE CHILD CRAWLSON HANDS AND FEET, THE ADULT WALKS UPRIGHT AND THE OLD MAN SUPPORTS HIS STEP WITH A STICK.”

THEN THE SPHINX, THREW HERSELF DOWN FROM THE MOUNTAIN WHERE SHE LIVED.

EXERCISES:

1-  WHAT IS “OEDIPUS THE KING”?

2-  WHO WAS SOPHOCLES?

3-  WHAT IS A TRAGEDY?

4-  IS THE TRAGEDY WRITTEN IS A DRAMATIC OR NARRATIVE FORM?

5-  WHAT DOES THE TRAGEDY EMPHASIZE?

6-  HOW IS DEATH DESCRIBED IN A TRAGEDY?

7-  ACCORDING TO THE TRAGEDY IS DEATH AN EVIL OR A PRIZE TO MAN?

8-  WHO IS THE CENTRAL CHARACTER OF THE PLAY?

9-  ACCORDING TO APOLLO´S ORACLE WHAT WAS OEDIPUS FATED TO DO?

10-           DID OEDIPUS MANAGE TO ESCAPE FROM HIS DESTINY?

11-           WHAT WAS OEDIPUS´S PRIDE DUE TO?

12-           ACCORDING TO THE LEGEND HOW THE RIDDLE WAS?

13-           WHAT HAPPENED WHEN THE THEBANS FAILED TO GUESS IT?

14-           DID OEDIPUS GUESS CORRECTLY?

15-           WHAT DID HE SAY IT WAS?

Ballooning

A HISTORY OF COURAGE

Balloon flight started in 1783. Two men, the Montgolfier Brothers, built a balloon which used straw to provide hot air. The system was very dangerous because they burned the straw in the balloon!

They made a test flight that covered 3 kilometers in 8 minutes. There were a sheep, a duck, and a cock on board. The animals were the first creatures that flew in a balloon.

The first men to fly a balloon were Pilatre de Rozier and the Marquis dÁrlandes, also in 1783, in France. Their balloon caught fire and they had to put the fire out with water they carried on board exactly for that situation.

Between 1870 and 1871, during the Franco-Prussian war, 66 balloons which carried people out of Paris were the only contact with the outside world.

In 1955, during Gordon-Bennett Balloon Race, which took place in Germany, pilots Alan Fraenckel and John Jervis were killed. A gunship shot them down over Belarus. Several other pilots who landed in authorities have now banned all competitions flying over Belarus.

Although balloonists face many dangerous situations, ballooning is a very safe and popular sport today.

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CASA:

KITCHEN – COZINHA

BEDROOM – QUARTO DE DORMIR

LIVING-ROOM – SALA DE ESTAR

DINNER-ROOM – SALA DE JANTAR

BATHROOM – BANHEIRO

BACKYARD – QUINTAL

GARDEN – JARDIM

DOOR – PORTA

WINDOW – JANELA

VARANDA - VERANDA

COPA - CUPBOARD

GARAGE – GARAGEM

FOGÃO – COOKING-STOVE

GELADEIRA - ICEBOX

REFRIFERATOR – REFRIGERADOR

BED – CAMA

CHAIR – CADEIRA

TABLE – MESA

CLOSET – ARMÁRIO

CUP – XÍCARA

KNIFE – FACA

SPOON – COLHER

PLATE – PRATO

GLASS – COPO

ABAJUR – LAMP-SHADE

 

PARTES DO CORPO:

HEAD – CABEÇA

MIND – MENTE

BRAIN – CÉREBRO

NECK – NUCA, PESCOÇO

HAIR – CABELO

EYES – OLHOS

NOISE – NARIZ

EAR – OUVIDO

FACE – ROSTO

FINGER – DEDO

HAND – MÃO

FOOT – PÉ

LEG – PERNA

BELLY – BARRIGA

ARM – BRAÇO

KNEE – JOELHO

ELBOW – COTOVELO

ANKLE – TORNOZELO

HEART – CORAÇÃO

STOMACH – ESTÔMAGO

LIVER – FÍGADO

LUNG – PULMÃO

SKIN – PELE

KIDNEY – RIM

INTESTINE – INTESTINO

BONE – OSSO

TOOTH - DENTE

LUGARES:

HOSPITAL – HOSPITAL

SCHOOL – ESCOLA

FACTORY – FÁBRICA

MOVIE – CINEMA

THEATER – TEATRO

HOUSE – CASA

APARTAMENT – APARTAMENTO

AIRPORT – AEROPORTO

SHOP – LOJA

CHURCH – IGREJA

STADIUM – ESTÁDIO

CLUB – CLUBE

MANSION – MANSÃO

OFFICE – ESCRITÓRIO

ISLAND – ILHA

RESTAURANT – RESTAURANTE

MARKET – SUPERMERCADO

FARM – FAZENDA

PADARIA - BAKERY

RODOVIÁRIA – CENTER ROAD

PORTO - PORT

JOALHERIA – JEWELLER´S SHOP

ÓTICA - OPTICS

CLÍNICA - CLINIC

SORVETERIA – ICE-CREAM PARLOUR

BAIRRO - QUARTER

CIDADE – CITY, TOWN

HOMETOWN – CIDADE NATAL

COUNTRY – PAÍS

DELEGACIA – POLICE STATION

DEPARTAMENT – DEPARTAMENT

BANK – BANCO

ELEVATOR - ELEVADOR

TRANSPORTES:

CAR – CARRO

TRUCK – CAMINHÃO

AEROPLANE, AIRPLANE – AVIÃO

BUS – ÔNIBUS

TRAIN – TREM

SHIP – NAVIO

BOAT – BARCO

BIKE – BICICLETA

MOTORBIKE – MOTO

CAB – TÁXI

BEBIDAS:

WATER – ÁGUA

BEAR – CERVEJA

MILK – LEITE

JUICE – SUCO

SODA – SÔDA

LEMON JUICE – LIMONADA

ORANGE JUICE – LARANJADA

VITAMIN – VITAMINA

REFRIGERANTE - REFRIGERATING

 

COMIDAS:

BEAN – FEIJÃO

RICE – ARROZ

MASS – MACARRÃO

POTATO – BATATA

TOMATO – TOMATE

CAKE – BOLO

PIZZA – PIZZA

SALAD – SALADA

CANDY – DOCE

HAMBURGUER – HAMBÚRGUER

CARNE - MEAT

ICE-CREAM – SORVETE

POPCORN – PIPOCA

BEEF – BIFE

EGGS – OVOS

OMELETE - OMELET

 

FRUTAS:

PINEAPPLE – ABACAXI

APPLE – MAÇÃ

PEAR – PÊRA

ORANGE – LARANJA

STREWBERRY – MORANGO

ABACATE - AVOCADO

JACA - DURIAN

JABUTICABA - JABOTICABA

FRAMBOESA - RASPBERRY

FIGO - FIG

MANGO – MANGA

GRAPE – UVA

NÉSPERA - MEDLAR

ROMÃ - POMEGRANATE

PÊSSEGO – PEACH

COCONUT – COCO

BANANA - BANANA

 

ANIMAIS:

LION – LEÃO

TIGER – TIGRE

DOG – CACHORRO

CAT – GATO

BIRD – PÁSSARO

BEE – ABELHA

SHEEP – OVELHA

PENGUIN – PINGUIM

ELEPHANTE – ELEFANTE

GIRAFFE – GIRAFA

FLY – MOSCA

ZEBRA – ZEBRA

MONKEY – MACACO

FOX – RAPOSA

FISH – PEIXE

TURTLE – TARTARUGA

SHARK – TUBARÃO

RABBIT – COELHO

ALLIGATOR – CROCODILO

SPIDER – ARANHA

SCORPION – ESCORPIÃO

CAMEL – CAMELO

HORSE – CAVALO

PARROT – PAPAGAIO

FAMÍLIA:

FATHER –PAI

MOTHER – MÃE

SON – FILHO

DAUGHTER – FILHA

GRAND-DAUGHTER – NETA

GRANDSON – SON

GODMOTHER – MADRINHA

GODFATHER – PADRINHO

GODSON – AFILHADO

GOD-DAUGHTER – AFILHADA

SISTER – IRMÃ

BROTHER – IRMÃO

COUSIN – PRIMO

AUNT – TIA

UNCLE –TIO

WIFE – ESPOSA

HUSBAND – MARIDO

SISTER-IN-LAW – CUNHADA

BROTHER-IN-LAW-CUNHADO

MOTHER-IN-LAW- SOGRA

FATHER-IN-LAW- SOGRO

STEPMOTHER – MADRASTA

STEPFATHER – PADRASTO

STEPSON – ENTEADO

STEPDAUGHTER - ENTEADA