New York

New York was the 11^th state in the USA; it became a state on July 26, 1788.

State Abbreviation - NY
State Capital - Albany
Biggest City - New York City
Area - 54,475 square miles [New York is the 27th largest state in the USA]
Population - 18,976,457 (as of 2000) [New York is the third most populous state in the USA, after California and Texas]
Name for Residents - New Yorkers
Major Industries - finance, communications, international trade, publishing, fashion, communications, farming (fruit and dairy), tourism

Presidential Birthplaces
Martin Van Buren was born in Kinderhook on December 5, 1782 (he was the 8th US President, serving from 1837 to 1841).

Millard Fillmore was born in Locke Township (now Summerhill) on January 7, 1800 (he was the 13th US President, serving from 1850 to 1853).

Theodore Roosevelt was born in New York City on October 27, 1858 (he was the 26th US President, serving from 1901 to 1909).

Franklin Delano Roosevelt was born in Hyde Park on January 30, 1882 (he was the 32th US President, serving from 1933 to 1945).

Main Rivers - Hudson River, Mohawk River, Genesee River
Highest Point - Mt. Marcy, 5,344 feet (1,629 m) above sea level
Number of Counties - 62
Bordering States - Vermont, Massachusetts, Connecticut, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island (water border)
Bordering Country - Canada
Bordering Bodies of Water - Lake Ontario, Lake Erie, Lake Champlain, Atlantic Ocean

Origin of the Name New York - The English took over of the area that had been called "New Netherland" in 1664, and renamed it New York to honor the Duke of York (York is a city in England).
State Nickname - The Empire State
State Motto - Excelsior (Ever Upwards)
State Song - "I Love New York"

Dinosaur Fossils Found in New York - Coelophysis trackways (found in the Newark Basin)

New York State Symbols and Emblems:

State Flag New York's official flag was adopted in 1901. The flag has a deep blue background. It pictures Liberty (she symbolizes freedom) and Justice (she symbolizes justice before the law). Liberty is holding a pole with a liberty cap, and has a discarded crown at her feet (which represents freedom from Britain after the Revolutionary War). Justice is blindfolded and is holding the scales of justice. A shield between them pictures the sun, hills, and 2 boats sailing on the Hudson River. Over the shield there is a globe and a bald eagle. Under them all is a white, flowing ribbon that reads "EXCELSIOR."

Florida

 Florida was the 27^th state in the USA; it was admitted on March 3, 1845.

State Abbreviation - FL
State Capital - Tallahassee
Largest City - Jacksonville
Area - 65,758 square miles [Florida is the 22nd biggest state in the USA]
Population - 15,982,378 (as of 2000) [Florida is the fourth most populous state in the USA, after California, New York and Texas]
Name for Residents - Floridians
Major Industries - tourism, agriculture (oranges, grapefruit, tomatos), electronics

Major Rivers - St. Johns River, St. Marys River, Suwannee River
Major Lakes - Lake Okeechobee, Lake George
Highest Point - A hill in Walton County - 345 feet (105 m) above sea level
Number of Counties - 67
Bordering States - Georgia, Alabama
Bordering Bodies of Water - Atlantic Ocean, Gulf of Mexico

Origin of the Name Florida - Florida was first seen by the Spanish explorer Ponce de Leon on Palm Sunday on April 2, 1513 - he then named the "Pascua de Florida," meaning "Feast of Flowers" and claimed it for Spain
State Nickname - The Sunshine State
State Motto - "In God we trust."
State Song - "Swanee River"

Florida State Symbols and Emblems:

State Flag Florida's official flag was adopted in 1900. Florida's flag has a red cross of St. Andrew on a white field; in the center is the state seal, which depicts a Native American (Seminole) woman scattering flowers, the sun with many rays, palm trees (the large one is a cabbage palm), a sailing steamboat, the land and the water.

Gerúndio no início de frases em inglês

 Dime comenta: If my memory is still sharp, it is wrong to start a sentence using infinitive – TO – am I right? If I want to say tasks I did previously, in Portuguese I’d say things like: sugerir, corrigir, consertar, prestar suporte,etc. So what’s the best way to say this?

Dime, sua pergunta é bem interessante e muitas vezes nos confundimos quando vamos escrever em inglês ao usar a forma com to ou com –ing no início da frase. Antigamente usávamos o “to” no início da frase, mas esse uso era mais formal e hoje em dia só aparece em literatura e textos mais elaborados e filosóficos em inglês. Vou dar um exemplo:

• To err is human, to forgive divine. (Errar é humano, perdoar é divino.)

Hoje em dia é mais comum iniciar uma frase com a palavra “it” e colocar o “to + verbo” depois:

• It’s easy to make mistakes. (É fácil cometer erros.)
• It was impossible to explain what I meant. (Era impossível explicar o que eu quis dizer.)

No inglês atual é mais comum usarmos o verbo com –ing (gerund) no início de frases pois ele mostra algo mais prático e real, diferente do uso com o to. Veja alguns exemplos traduzidos.

• Making mistakes is easy. (Cometer erros é fácil.)
• Explaining what I meant was impossible. (Explicar o que eu quis dizer era impossível.)
• Selling insurance is a pretty boring job. (Vender seguro é um emprego muito chato.)

Preste atenção! Não existe regra que indique o uso de um ou outro, mas recomenda-se usar a forma com -ing.

Um outro caso é começar a frase com o to para indicar uma intenção, um propósito. Nesse caso o to é traduzido por “para” e vem da locução in order to (a fim de, para).

• To speak English fluently you need to study a lot. (Para falar inglês fluentemente, você precisa estudar muito.)
• To go to Campinas you’d better take that road. (Para ir a Campinas é melhor você ir por aquela estrada.)

I Need a Good Job

My name is Marcos. I´ve 25 years-old. I`m a married man and my wife calls Camila. We´ve 2 kids. The older is Renato. He has 5 years-old and he´s a very smart and intelligent boy. The other is Lucas with 2 years-old.

Actually it´s very difficult to keep a family if you don´t get a good job.

I tried and tried but I know that I can´t give up…

Of course, I have a job today, but I really think my family deserve better things…

Yesterday, I was called to a new interview, but I don´t know. I think the boss really didn´t like me. Well, let´s wait…

I want to buy a new car, I´m tired to take a bus everyday!

I want to travel with my family, to visit wonderful places that we´ve here in Brazil!

Maybe, who knows, buy a new house, with more space to our kids. They´re growing up and they really need more space!

I want to come back to high-school too. I really think it´s important. When we´re looking for a better job!

But to make all these things, we need to have money. How can I get all these things if I haven´t a really good job?

In this country, to poor people, everything is really hard!

But I´m a great fighter! I never give up! I´ll die trying to get a better life to me , my wife and my children.

Do you believe that if we really want something, one day we can get everything?

Do you really think that God can help us? I´m not a religious man, but I like to think there´s somebody with us all the time…

Well, we´ve to keep the faith!

Do you agree with me?

DRAIN OPENER

 MIKE WASHED HIS HANDS.

HE WASHED HIS HANDS WITH SOAP AND WATER.

HE BRUSHED HIS TEETH.

HE BRUSHED HIS TEETH WITH TOOTHPASTE AND WATER.

HE TURNED OFF THE WATER.

THE SINK WAS FULL OF WATER.

THE WATER DID NOT GO DOWN TO THE DRAIN.

THE WATER STAYED IN THE SINK.

WHAT WAS THE MATTER?

WHY DIDN´T THE WATER GO DOWN THE DRAIN?

MIKE WAITED AND WAITED.

THE WATER DIDN´T GO ANYWHERE.

IT SAT IN THE SINK.

MIKE OPENED A BOTTLE OF LIQUID DRAIN OPENER.

HE POURED THE DRAIN OPENER INTO THE SINK.

MIKE WAITED ONE MINUTE.

THEN ALL THE WATER WENT DOWN THE DRAIN.

FLY AWAY

 GREG TOOK THE PEN OUT OF HIS PANTS POCKET.

HE TOOK HIS KEYS OUT OF HIS PANTS POCKET.

HE TOOK HIS CELL PHONE OUT OF HIS PANTS POCKET.

HE TOOK HIS WALLET OUT OF HIS PANTS POCKET.

HE PUT EVERYTHING INTO A PLASTIC TRAY.

HE TOOK HIS SHOES OFF.

GREG WAS AT THE AIRPORT.

HE HAD TO GET ON THE AIRPLANE.

BUT HE HAD TO PASS THROUGH SECURITY FIRST.

HE PASSED THROUGH SECURITY.

HE PUT HIS PEN AND KEY BACK INTO HIS POCKET.

HE PUT HIS CELL PHONE AND WALLET BACK INTO HIS POCKET.

HE PUT HIS SHOES BACK ON HIS FEET.

HE GOT ON THE AIRPLANE.

EXERCÍCIOS DE REVISÃO

 1- PASSE AS FRASES ABAIXO PARA O INGLÊS:

1) Você gosta de sorvete e bolo?

2) Eu não irei para São Paulo este fim de semana.

3) Carlos me ajudaria aqui amanhã.

4) Sara e Paulo não moram em Nova York.

5) O meu carro é o mais veloz da minha rua.

6) Minha irmã é mais inteligente que você.

7) Ele casará comigo?

8) Ela está fazendo um café para nós.

9) Sandra está almoçando com você?

10) Meu padrasto é o homem mais influente desta cidade.

11) Lucas não está nadando para a competição.

12) A casa de Tânia é maior que a minha.

13) O pai da minha amiga abandonou a família.

14) Eu comi no restaurante do seu tio ontem.

15) Júlia não dormiu comigo esta noite.

16) Flávia é a dançarina mais bonita da festa.

17) O cabelo de Regina é mais longo que o meu.

18) Ela não correu na última maratona.

19) As pessoas não são o que parecem.

20) Qualquer hora eu verei você na sua casa.

21) Ontem ela conversou muito comigo.

22) Eu estou aqui hoje porque quero te ajudar.

23) Sueli pode trabalhar para a minha madrasta naquela loja.

24) Você pode nos ajudar aqui?

25) Túlio pode sair esta noite se estudar para a prova.

 

2- CLASSIFIQUE GRAMATICAMENTE AS PALAVRAS ABAIXO:

Here – advérbio de lugar

Come – verbo irregular

Can –

Love –

Understand –

All -

Say –

Yes –

Nothing –

Want –

To –

Of –

One –

Three –

A –

The –

See –

Do –

Both –

Believe –

Too –

May –

She –

Yours –

Be –

Him –

Take –

Them –

Move –

Their –

He –

You –

I –

Me –

Mine –

Lie –

We –

Our –

Us –

Bless –

Anything –

Something –

Eat –

Everybody –

Dance –

Never –

Forever –

Always –

Go –

Not –

Maybe –

Young –

Feel –

Run –

Happy –

Honest –

Fast –

Slow –

Separate –

There –

This –

Waste –

Those –

Give –

Anybody –

None –

Eight –

First –

Cry –

Tell –

Much –

Any –

Amaze –

Forgive –

Vary –

Flame –

That –

Like –

 

3- ESCREVA 10 ADVÉRBIOS DE TEMPO:

4- ESCREVA 10 ADVÉRBIOS DE LUGAR:

5- ESCREVA 10 ADVÉRBIOS DE MODO:

6- ESCREVA 5 ADVÉRBIOS DE NEGAÇÃO:

7- ESCREVA 5 ADVÉRBIOS DE DÚVIDA:

8- ESCREVA 5 ADVÉRBIOS DE AFIRMAÇÃO:

9- ESCREVA 10 PRONOMES INDEFINIDOS:

10- ESCREVA 5 PRONOMES INTERROGATIVOS:

EXERCÍCIOS COM VERBOS FRASAIS

 1)  DÊ O PASSADO DOS VERBOS FRASAIS ABAIXO:

A)  BREAK DOWN

B)  CHECK OUT

C)  BLOW UP

D)  DO UP

E)  FALL DOWN

F)  FINISH WITH

G)  EAT OUT

H)  GET OFF

I)    GET TOGETHER

J)   GO AFTER

K)  GO OFF

L)  HOLD BACK

M) LEAVE OUT

N)  LOOK OUT

O)  PUT AWAY

P)  MIX UP

Q)  SEND FOR

R)  SIT DOWN

S)  SLEEP OVER

 

2)  ENCONTRE A TRADUÇÃO DOS VERBOS ACIMA:

 

3)  FORME FRASES:

A)  SHOP AROUND –

B)  STAND BACK –

C)  TURN DOWN –

D)  TURN OFF –

E)  TRY ON –

F)  WEAR OFF –

G)  WORK OUT –

H)  CLEAN UP –

I)    CLOSE UP –

J)   DRAW UP –

K)  HAND OVER –

L)  BRUSH ASIDE –

M) PLAY UP –

N)  TAKE IN –

O)  THINK OVER –

 

4)  ENCONTRE A TRADUÇÃO DOS SEGUINTES VERBOS:

COME BY, GETOFF, WIND UP, BREAK DOWN, CALL FOR, COUNT ON, WASH OFF, LIVE ON, PASS AWAY, PLAY UP, STAND FOR, TELL ON, TAKE AFTER, HEAR FROM, COME BACK, COME BY, GIVE UP, GO OUT, BLOW OVER, THROW UP, WAKE UP, WEAR OUT, MAKE OUT, SETTLE UP, STAY OVER.

 

5)  CLASSIFIQUE TODOS OS VERBOS ABAIXO EM FRASAIS SEPARÁVEIS E INSEPARÁVEIS E EM SEGUIDA TRADUZA-O:

A)  ACT UP –

B)  CHEER UP –

C)  COME APART –

D)  DO OVER –

E)  DROP BEHIND –

F)  FILL UP –

G)  FINISH WITH –

H)  END UP –

I)    FALL FOR –

J)   GET AWAY –

K)  GET IN –

L)  GET THROUGH –

M) GET ALONG –

N)  GET YOURSELF –

O)  GO AHEAD –

P)  GO OFF –

Q)  HAND DOWN –

R)  GO TOGETHER –

S)  HANG IN –

T)   JOIN IN –

U)  HOLD ONTO –

V)  KEEP UP –

W)KEEP ON –

X)  LOG OFF –

Y)  MAKE UP –

Z)  MOVE IN –

 

6)  ESCREVA 10 FRASES DA SUA CABEÇA (SEM CONSULTA) COM VERBOS FRASAIS: